年终回顾：盘点2011年国内外焦点事件

龟饲料

　　This has been a year of tremendous upheavals and remarkable changes. From economic turmoil to the death of several well-known public figures, 2011 has seen the world transformed dramatically. Despite the tough external environment, China’s economy remains a bright spot in the world, with a slowed down pace of growth.
　　这是充满惊人剧变以及重大变革的一年，从金融风暴到几位公众名人的离世，2011年见证了全球的惊人变化。尽管外部环境存在诸多不利因素，但缓步增长的中国经济却依然是全世界的一大亮点。

　　Here at 21st Century, we’ve combined the analyses of international news agencies, like that of AP, Time magazine and Xinhua, to bring you a list of the year’s top news items.

　　在这里，《二十一世纪英文报》汇总了包括美联社、时代周刊和新华社在内的诸多国际新闻机构的分析，为您呈现一份年度热点新闻列表。

　　Now, as 2011 draws to a close, we can only hope the new year will bring with it greater social stability and the restoration of a strong international economic order.

　　眼下，2011年即将接近尾声，我们寄望于新的一年中社会更加安定，国际经济秩序能够得以重建。


　　1. Economic soft landing

　　1.经济软着陆



　　This year, China officially overtook Japan as the world’s second largest economy.

　　今年，中国正式超越日本一举成为全球第二大经济体。

　　Xinhua News Agency said that China remained a much-needed bright spot in the world economy. Economic growth is slowing a little, but it still stayed above the global average.

　　新华社表示，在全球经济中，中国仍然是一个必要的亮点。尽管经济增长有所放缓，但仍然高出世界平均水平。

　　Facing a tough and depressing world economic situation, China has maintained a steady but slowed-down growth rate this year.

　　在全球经济低迷而严峻的环境下，今年中国的经济增长率保持稳定并平稳下降。

　　A report by Beijing-based Renmin University of China (RUC) forecast that China’s economic growth this year would hit 9.4 percent before slipping to 9.2 percent next year. However, it said that even with that figure, the country still outperforms other major economies and stays in shape.

　　由中国人民大学发布的一份报告预测到，中国今年经济增长达到9.4个百分点，明年预计下滑至9.2个百分点。同时该报告也表示，尽管相关数据出现下滑，我国经济仍然跑赢其他主要经济体，并保持健康稳定的状态。

　　The cooling trend reflects China’s efforts to seek an economic soft-landing. The country now puts the emphasis on domestic consumption rather than export gains.

　　这种经济降温的趋势彰显出中国正在努力寻求经济软着陆。现在中国正将重心从出口盈利转向扩大内需。

　　It’s also trying to strike a balance between curbing inflation and maintaining the economic growth rate.

　　同时中国也正尝试在抑制通货膨胀与稳定经济增长率之间寻求平衡点。

　　This year, China made a good, fresh start on the 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015). The plan aims at upgrading China’s growth model and economic structure.

　　今年，中国为其“十二五”规划起了个好头。这一规划旨在升级中国的发展模式以及经济结构。

　　

　　2 High-speed train

　　2.高铁



　　China’s bullet-train ambitions hit problems in 2011 and ultimately slowed down.

　　2011年，中国发展高速列车的雄心壮志遭遇重创，最终放慢了脚步。

　　The country’s latest high-speed railway system suffered several technical breakdowns since it came into service in late June.

　　中国最新的高速铁路系统自六月份投入使用以来遭遇了几次技术故障。

　　Later, on July 23, one bullet train rear-ended another in a collision near Wenzhou, Zhejiang province, killing 40 people and injuring almost 200. The cause of the accident is still under investigation.

　　7月23日，两列高速列车在浙江温州附近追尾，致使40人死亡，近200人受伤。事故原因仍在调查之中。

　　The tragic accident prompted calls for thorough check-ups on all high-speed rail services. After the crash, Sheng Guangzu, the railway minister, ordered a slowing down of the speed of all bullet trains.

　　事故惨剧的发生促使各方呼吁，全面检查高铁服务系统。撞车事故发生之后，铁道部部长盛光祖下令所有高速列车降速。

　　Several high-speed railway projects scheduled to open this year will be postponed.

　　一些预计于今年开工的铁路工程被延期。

　　

　　3. Shen Zhou VIII and Tiangong-1

　　3. 神八与天宫一号



　　In 2011, China moved closer toward the goal of operating a permanent space station.

　　2011年，中国朝着打造永久性空间站的目标又迈近了一步。

　　On September 29, China launched its first space lab module Tiangong-1, which was unmanned. On November 3, unmanned spacecraft Shenzhou VIII successfully docked with the Tiangong-1 space lab module, after it was launched two days earlier.

　　9月29日，中国成功发-了首个无人空间实验舱“天宫一号”。11月3日，也就是神州八号无人飞船发-升空的两天之后，“神八”与“天宫一号”空间实验舱成功对接。

　　President Hu Jintao described it as a milestone in China’s space program and a remarkable contribution to humanity’s exploration of space. Despite progress made in the country’s space program, President Hu also said that China’s overall level of scientific technologies, especially indigenous innovation capabilities, lagged far behind world-leading standards.

　　国家--将此次成功对接形容成中国航天事业发展史上的一座里程碑，为人类探索外太空做出的卓越贡献。同时--也表示，尽管中国的航空事业有了很大进步，中国整体的科技水平，尤其是本土的创新能力还远远达不到世界领先水平。

　　

　　4 Japanese Earth-quake and Tsunami

　　4. 日本大地震引发海啸



　　An earthquake measuring 9.0 on the Richter scale struck the north-east coast of Japan on March 11 and triggered a massive tsunami that led to the death of almost 16,000 people.

　　3月11日，日本东北部海域发生了里氏9.0级的大地震，进而引发大规模海啸，造成近1.6万人死亡。

　　In addition to this enormous loss of life and the destruction of infrastructure, the tsunami also caused a number of nuclear accidents.

　　海啸除了造成巨大人员伤亡以及基础设施的毁坏，还引发一系列核泄露事故。

　　This included a level 7 meltdown at three reactors in the Fukushima No 1 Nuclear Power Plant complex and saw the evacuation of hundreds of thousands of neighboring residents. According Naoto Kan, the Japanese prime minister at the time, “In the 65 years after the end of World War II, this is the toughest and the most difficult crisis for Japan.”

　　其中，福岛第一核电站发生了7级事故，三个核反应堆熔毁，数十万周边居民被疏散。据时任日本首相菅直人称，“此次大地震是日本战后65年以来遭遇的最艰难的危机。”

　　In the immediate aftermath, around 4.4 million households in northeastern Japan were left without electricity and 1.5 million without water.

　　地震海啸带来的最直接后果是，日本东北部地区有约440万户居民断电，150万户断水。


　　
　　5 European debt crisis

　　5.欧债危机



　　This year saw anxiety over rising government debt in Europe escalate into a crisis of global proportions.

　　今年，欧洲多国政府债台高筑，引发各方焦虑，进而引发一场全球危机。

　　From late 2010 onwards, concerns over Europe’s economic stability had begun to intensify. Greece, Ireland and Portugal had difficulties refinancing their debts. This sent ripples around the world and all major stock exchanges exhibited significant losses.

　　自2010年底时起，各方对于欧洲经济稳定性表现出的担忧愈演愈烈。希腊、爱尔兰和葡萄牙无法再筹债款。该事件波及全球各地，所有大型股票交易所都遭遇股市重创。

　　Many western countries are seeking China’s pledge to help stimulate the continent’s economy and lift market confidence.

　　很多西方国家都在寻求来自中国的援助承诺，帮助重振欧洲经济，增强市场信心。

　　Some contend that Europe’s financial turmoil can threaten the demand for Chinese exports to the region. However, Chinese economic experts insist China should not blindly buy the euro debt.

　　一些人认为欧洲动荡的金融局势会影响到该地区对于中国出口产品的需求。而中国的经济专家则坚持认为中国不应该再盲目购买欧债。

　　

　　6 The Arab unrest

　　6.阿拉伯国家-



　　2011 saw a wave of demonstrations and protests sweep across the Arab world.

　　2011年，一波接一波的游行示威以及抗议活动席卷了整个阿拉伯世界。

　　There have been drastic upheavals in Tunisia and Egypt, a civil war in Libya and protests in Bahrain, Syria, Yemen, Algeria, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco and Oman.

　　突尼斯和埃及的国内政局发生了激烈动荡；利比亚爆发内战；巴林、叙利亚、也门、阿尔及利亚、伊拉克、约旦、科威特、摩洛哥以及阿曼等地爆发大规模抗议活动。

　　The upheavals have seen the departure of political strongmen such as Tunisia’s Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, Egypt’s Hosni Mubarak and Yemen’s Ali Abdullah Saleh.

　　从突尼斯的宰因?阿比丁?本?阿里，到埃及的胡斯尼?穆巴拉克，再到也门的阿里?阿卜杜拉?萨利赫，这些-巨头一个又一个地在动荡中谢幕。

　　Muammar Gadhafi, the former leader of Libya, was killed. Meanwhile, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad is still struggling to remain in power amid domestic discontent and foreign pressure.

　　利比亚前任最高领导人穆阿迈尔?卡扎菲被杀。同时，叙利亚总统巴沙尔?阿萨德仍然在国内的不满以及国外的压力中努力维护自己的政权。

　　These grassroots movements have differed from previous protests in that religion has not been a driving force.

　　这些平-动与先前的抗议活动有所不同，其中并未有宗教因素推波助澜。

　　

　　7 Death of Kim Jong-il

　　7.金正日逝世



　　Kim Jong-il, leader of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) passed away on December 17.

　　朝鲜最高领导人金正日于12月17日逝世。

　　According to a report by the DPRK’s official KCNA news agency, the 69-year-old died of a heart attack on a train due to “great mental and physical strain” during a “high intensity field inspection”.

　　据朝鲜中央通讯社的一篇新闻报道称，69岁的金正日在进行高强度的视察时因身心劳累过度而突发心脏病在列车上逝世。

　　China on December 19 sent its condolences on the death of Kim, noting that the late DPRK leader had carried on and further developed the traditional friendship between China and the DPRK.

　　12月19日中国就金正日逝世向朝鲜发去吊唁，称这位已故朝鲜领袖不断巩固和加深中朝传统友好关系。

　　Observers maintain that the death will not result in turbulence in the DPRK. The KCNA news agency said the country, people and military “should remain loyal to the guidance of respected Kim Jong-un”.

　　观察员认为，金正日的逝世不会引发朝鲜国内-。朝鲜中央通讯社表示，朝鲜全国上下、人民以及军队都将忠实于尊敬的金正恩的领导。

　　

　　8 Death of Osama bin Laden and the end of the Iraq War

　　8.本?拉登被击毙，伊拉克战争宣告结束



　　On December 18, the US military officially ended its war in Iraq nearly nine years after the invasion that ousted Saddam Hussein. In a conflict that has seen almost 4,500 US soldiers and tens of thousands of Iraqis lose their lives, this year has thus seen the end of the most unpopular US military venture since Vietnam.

　　12月18日，美国在入侵伊拉克，驱逐萨达姆?侯赛因的9年后，正式宣布伊拉克战争结束。在这场战争中，近4500名美军士兵牺牲、数以万计的伊拉克人民丧生。今年美军也结束了自越战以来最不得人心的远征。

　　Prior to the withdrawal of troops, US anti-terrorist efforts had already sustained a victory following the death of Osama bin Laden.

　　在美军撤军之前，奥萨马?本?拉登的死亡已经证明了美国反恐战争取得了胜利。

　　In May, bin Laden, was killed by a US special forces. Believed to have ordered the attacks on the US on September 11 2001, bin Laden’s death came as a defining moment in the American-led “war against terrorism”.

　　5月，本?拉登被美国特种部队击毙。本?拉登一直被认为是美国9?11事件的幕后策划者，他的死亡也成为以美国为首的“反恐战役”的一个决定性时刻。

　　

　　9 Party`s anniversary

　　9.建党90周年纪念



　　The year of 2011 celebrated the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC).

　　2011年，我们欢庆了中国-党建党90周年的生日。

　　On July 1, Party General Secretary Hu Jintao delivered a formal speech at a rally to mark the special occasion. He summarized the Chinese people’s achievements of the past 90 years, under the leadership of the CPC.

　　7月1日，中国-党总书记-在庆祝中国-党成立90周年大会上发表讲话。他总结了在过去90年中，中国人民在中国-党的领导下所取得的成就。

　　The catchphrase of the speech was the word “people”, which was repeated 136 times. This highlighted the principle of “putting people first”.

　　此次讲话的口号都围绕“人民”二字，一共提及了136次。这也强调了一切“把人民利益放在第一位”的原则思想。

　　“We will never forget that the people are the real heroes,” he said. He urged all Party members to “maintain close ties with the people”, and warned that alienation from the people posed the greatest risk to the Party.

　　--说道：“人民是真正的英雄，这一点我们永远不能忘记。”他呼吁所有党员要“保持与人民的血肉联系”，并提醒道，脱离群众是我们党的最大危险。

　　Hu also stated that more talented young members will be recruited into the Party. He stressed that talent is the most important resource and a strategic resource for a country’s development. “They (young members) represent the future and hope of the Party,” he said.

　　-总书记在发言中还表示党将吸收更多年轻优秀成员。他强调人才是第一资源，是国家发展的战略资源。他说：“青年（党员）是我们党的未来和希望。”

　　

　　10.South China Sea disputes

　　10.南海争端



　　Territorial disputes between China and some of its neighbors over the South China Sea have intensified in the past few months.

　　过去数月中，中国与几个邻国在南海领土问题上的争端不断激化。

　　In July 2011, relevant parties reached an agreement on the guidelines of implementation of the DOC (The Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea), vowing to cooperate in maritime protection, search and rescue, as well as transnational crime busting.

　　2011年7月，有关方面就《南海各方行为宣言》的实施准则达成共识，承诺将在海洋保护和科研、海上搜救、以及打击海上跨国犯罪等方面进行合作。

　　But in November, the US and the Philippines signed a declaration calling for multilateral talks to resolve maritime territorial disputes.

　　但11月时，美国与菲律宾签署了一项宣言，呼吁进行多方会谈，以此来解决南海领土争端。

　　On several occasions in 2011, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao re-affirmed China’s commitment to peaceful resolutions of the various disputes.

　　2011年，-总理在多个场合反复重申，中国承诺采取和平方式来解决诸多争端问题。

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